Discovering blood in your cat's poo can be concerning. Blood in poo is a non-specific symptom in cats, with numerous potential causes. Many of which are easily treatable. While some cases may resolve without medication, there are a few instances where it can escalate into a life-threatening emergency. It's important to consult a veterinarian promptly if you notice blood in your cat’s poo.

Fresh red blood in the poo is known as haematochezia. This symptom is linked to bleeding in the lower digestive tract, from the small intestine to the rectum. Black, tarry stools are also a sign of blood; this is known as melaena or digested blood. This usually comes from the upper digestive tract, from the mouth to the stomach. The term colitis is often used with blood in the poo. It means inflammation of the large intestine.

Blood in your cat's poo: What to do

If your cat is also: vomiting blood, weak, has pale gums, or is having breathing difficulties, then you need to make an emergency vet appointment.

If your cat is less than 2-3 months old, speak to a vet right away. Young kittens can become seriously ill much quicker than adults.

If you notice blood in your cat's poo, follow these steps:

• Check if the stool is firm, soft or watery. The appearance of the blood and poo can help your vet with the diagnosis. A few spots of fresh red blood might just be from straining.

• Monitor your cat for any other signs of illness. Such as drinking more than normal, vomiting, losing weight or a reduced appetite.

• Some foods or medications, such as activated charcoal, may make your cat’s poo look like it has blood in it when it doesn’t.

Most causes of blood in the poo are straightforward to treat and clear quickly. However, there are some less common causes that are more severe. We recommend always speaking to a vet if your cat has blood in the poo.

Our Joii vets are available 24 hours a day for advice.

Most common causes of blood in your cat's poo

• Infections: bacterial, viral, parasites

• Eating things they shouldn’t

• Blockages in the digestive tract

• Food reactions: including allergies, sudden diet changes and IBD

• Toxins: including rat poison, xylitol, blue-green algae, ibuprofen or aspirin

• Anal gland disease

• Pancreatitis

• Kidney and liver disease

• Stress

Haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) also known as acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) can be a life-threatening condition in cats. The main symptoms are a sudden onset of severe vomiting and diarrhoea, both with blood. The cause is currently unknown. Speak to a vet right away if your cat shows these symptoms.

When to worry about blood in your cat's poo

Emergency treatment is advised if:

• Your cat has pale gums, breathing difficulties or collapse

• Your cat has sudden onset excessive vomiting and diarrhoea with blood

Call your vet if:

• Your cat has black, tarry poo

• Your cat is in pain and has bloody diarrhoea

Call us and speak to one of our Joii Vets if:

• You’ve noticed a few spots of blood in your cat’s poo but they are otherwise well

• You have any questions about parasite preventatives for cats

• You need any diet advice for your cat

Tips on how to prevent blood in your cat's poo

• Keep them up to date with yearly vaccinations and vet-recommended parasite prevention

• Make sure they are on a high-quality and complete diet

• Avoid sudden diet changes. Gradually transition over 5-7 days or longer.

• Make sure your household bin is secure. Never leave food, medications or other toxins lying around. Be aware of what household flowers and plants are poisonous to cats.

• Avoid stressful situations for your cat.

What tests are needed when there is blood in your cat's poo?

A physical exam may be all that is needed. This is important to check your cat’s tummy for pain and to assess if they have a fever. If the symptoms persist, despite treatment or are particularly severe, your vet may recommend additional tests:

• Stool tests to check for bacteria, virus and parasites

• Blood and urine tests

• Imaging: x-rays, ultrasound, and/or endoscopy

• Biopsy of the digestive tract

How to help at home when there is blood in your cat's poo

Speak to a vet if your cat has blood in the poo. Home treatment may be possible. This usually involves:

• Giving probiotics

• Allowing them to rest and recover in a quiet, warm environment with access to fresh water

• Giving a special diet: this may be bland food for 24-48 hours. Or, if needed for longer, a highly digestible food, such as Hills Prescription Diet i/d.

• Avoiding any treats or chews until the symptoms have resolved.

Vet treatment for blood in your cat's poo

Some cases will resolve with an appropriate diet and probiotics. If the symptoms are severe or recurring, your vet may recommend the following:

• Antibiotics

• Parasite treatment

• Tummy protectants

• Fluid therapy

• Blood transfusions

Other treatments may be necessary, depending on the underlying cause. For example, surgery to remove a foreign body.

Are some cats more at risk of blood in their poo?

• Cats that are unvaccinated and or not routinely wormed

• Cats that are outdoors and hunt

• Cats with anxiety or stress

• Cats with allergies

Other causes of blood in your cat's poo

• Viral: panleucopaenia

• Bacterial: salmonella, campylobacter

• Stomach ulcers

• Rectal growths

• Clotting disorders

• Auto-immune disorders: IMHA, IMTP

• Injuries from sharp objects

• Cancer