Pyoderma in cats is a term used to describe a bacterial skin infection. In most cases, there is an underlying cause, such as parasites, allergies or another skin condition. Pyoderma is less common in cats than in dogs, and it is not as easily classified into distinct categories.
Diagnosis can be more challenging in cats because many skin conditions look similar. Without identifying and managing the underlying cause, pyoderma can recur. Cats of any age, breed or sex can be affected. The prognosis is usually good with appropriate treatment, although deep, recurrent or non-healing infections can be more complicated.
What is pyoderma in cats?
Cats have bacteria living naturally on their skin, many of which are harmless. Pyoderma occurs when bacteria multiply and cause a skin infection, often secondary to another skin condition.
Pyoderma in cats is a bacterial skin infection that can develop when the skin barrier is damaged or the normal skin environment changes.
This can happen due to trauma from scratching, inflammation, immune problems or changes in the normal skin bacteria.
Pyoderma in cats is not as easily classified as it is in dogs, but infections can be described as superficial or deep, depending on how far they extend into the skin.
There is often an underlying cause that needs to be identified and managed.
Common underlying causes include fleas, mange, food allergies, environmental allergies, feline chin acne, and skin injuries. Recurrent or deep infections may sometimes be associated with underlying illnesses.
Treatment depends on the severity of the infection. Antibiotics are often needed, and topical treatments may be suitable in some cases. The underlying cause must also be addressed to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Many superficial infections respond well to appropriate treatment. Deep or recurrent infections can take much longer to resolve.
Pyoderma in cats often responds well to appropriate treatment. However, if the underlying cause is not identified and managed, the infection can recur.
Our Joii vets are available 24 hours a day if you have any concerns about your cat.
Symptoms of pyoderma in cats
The most common signs associated with pyoderma in cats include:
Itchiness: not all cats with pyoderma are itchy, but some scratch, bite or overgroom themselves.
Excessive scaling or dandruff.
Small, solid bumps or crusts on the skin. These can be difficult to see beneath the fur.
Red skin, circular areas of scaling or crusting, or flaky patches.
Hair loss or hair thinning.
Deep pyoderma tends to cause more severe signs, such as open sores, ulcers, bloody crusts, draining wounds and pain. Cats with severe or more widespread disease may also develop lethargy.
Are some cats more at risk of pyoderma than others?
Any cat, regardless of age, breed or lifestyle, can develop pyoderma. However, some cats may be more susceptible:
Cats with skin folds or areas of skin that remain warm and moist may be more prone to local skin infections.
Cats with allergic skin disease may be more likely to develop secondary bacterial infections due to inflammation and scratching.
Cats with weakened immune systems, including those with FIV or FeLV, may be more prone to deep, recurrent or non-healing infections.
How is pyoderma diagnosed in cats?
Pyoderma is often diagnosed by examining skin samples under a microscope to look for bacteria and inflammatory cells.
Further tests may be needed to identify the underlying cause:
Skin scrapes and hair plucks may be used to check for parasites and other skin conditions.
Bacterial culture and sensitivity testing may be recommended, particularly for deep, recurrent or non-healing infections, to help identify the bacteria and select an appropriate antibiotic.
Skin biopsy may be needed for unusual lesions or infections that do not respond as expected.
Blood and urine tests may be recommended if an underlying disease is suspected.
Further allergy investigations may be considered if allergies are suspected to be contributing to the skin problems.
What’s the treatment for pyoderma in cats?
Treatment depends on the depth and severity of the infection and the underlying cause:
Topical treatment: Medicated products, such as chlorhexidine-based solutions or other vet-recommended preparations, may be used for some superficial or localised infections.
Oral antibiotics: These are often needed for deeper infections. Deep, recurrent or non-healing infections may require prolonged courses, sometimes lasting 8–12 weeks or longer. Bacterial culture and sensitivity testing is important for these cases to help select an effective antibiotic.
Treating the underlying cause: Additional treatment may be needed to manage contributing conditions, such as allergies or parasitic infestations.
How to look after a cat with pyoderma at home
You can help your cat recover from pyoderma at home by:
Keeping their bedding clean and dry.
Giving prescribed medication at the correct dose and frequency, as advised by your vet.
Using vet-recommended topical treatments as directed. Some cats may benefit from medicated shampoos or wipes.
Temporarily using a protective collar if recommended by your vet to help prevent excessive licking, scratching or chewing that could worsen the infection.
Attending follow-up vet appointments to check that the infection has cleared.
Tips on how to prevent pyoderma in cats
Not all cases of pyoderma are preventable but the following steps may help reduce the risk:
Regular grooming can help keep your cat's coat clean and allow you to spot skin problems early. Only bathe your cat or use medicated products if recommended by your vet.
If your cat has skin folds, keep them clean and dry. Vet-recommended wipes may help prevent irritation and infection.
Feed your cat a complete and balanced diet to support skin health.
Use vet-recommended parasite prevention. Type and frequency depend on your cat's age and lifestyle.
Work with your vet to identify and manage contributing conditions, such as allergies or other skin diseases.
Omega-3 fatty acids may support skin health in some cats.
Is my family at risk of catching pyoderma?
Some bacteria involved in feline skin infections, including Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, can occasionally spread between animals and people. Human infections are uncommon, and the risk is generally low for healthy people. Washing your hands after handling affected skin or applying treatments can help reduce the risk. Extra care is advisable around people with weakened immune systems.
When to worry about your cat with pyoderma
Arrange an appointment with your vet if:
Your cat is constantly scratching, licking or grooming their skin.
Your cat is being treated for pyoderma but the skin is not starting to improve within a few days, or the infection is getting worse.
Your cat has skin problems alongside lethargy or a reduced appetite. Seek prompt veterinary advice if your cat is very lethargic or refusing food.
Speak to one of our Joii vets if:
Your cat has developed new spots, bumps or crusts on their skin.
You would like advice about grooming, bathing or using medicated skin products.
You need help choosing a suitable parasite preventative for your cat.
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