Applying ear drops can take some practice, particularly if your cat is not used to having their ears handled.

Check your cat's ears regularly and contact your vet if you notice any unusual changes or signs of an ear problem.

Why do cats need ear drops?

Ear drops may be prescribed for cats with certain ear problems. The type of ear drop used will depend on the underlying cause and may contain ingredients to treat infection, reduce inflammation or both.

Ear problems that may require ear drops include:

• Ear infections: bacterial or yeast infections can cause inflammation and discharge from the ear.

• Allergic skin disease: allergies can cause inflammation and itching affecting the ears.

• Ear mites: these tiny parasites can cause intense itching and a dark, waxy discharge. Treatment usually involves an appropriate parasite treatment. Ear cleaning or ear drops may also be recommended in some cases.

Signs of ear problems in cats

Common symptoms of ear problems in cats include:

• Itchy ears

• Head shaking

• Persistent wax

• Intense smell from the ears

• Ear discharge, such as pus or blood

• Wounds or scabs on the ears

• Redness, heat, and swelling in the ears

• Painful or sensitive ears

Contact a vet if you see any of these signs in your cat.

What kind of ear drops are there for cats?

The type of ear product your vet recommends will depend on what is causing your cat's ear problem.

Medicated ear drops usually contain antibiotics, antifungal medication, anti-inflammatory medication such as steroids, or a combination of ingredients. They are used to treat specific ear conditions and should only be used as directed by your vet.

Your vet may recommend cleaning the ears before applying medicated drops, as removing excess wax and discharge can help the medication reach the affected areas more effectively.

Antibiotics are not needed for every ear infection. Unnecessary use can contribute to antibiotic resistance.

How to prepare your cat for ear drops

Gentle handling from a young age can make ear care less stressful for your cat. Try to make ear care a positive experience with reward-based training.

Choose a calm, quiet area where your cat feels relaxed. Start by gently touching and rubbing around the ears before introducing any ear products.

How to give your cat ear drops

If possible, wear gloves when using ear drops. If this is not possible, remember to wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.

• It's often best to have another person to help.

• Have everything ready before you start, including the ear drops and some treats.

• Place your cat on your lap or ask someone to gently steady them and help keep them calm. If your cat is fidgety, a towel can sometimes help them feel more secure, but avoid wrapping them tightly or forcing them to stay still.

• Place the nozzle at the opening of the ear canal without pushing it inside. Squeeze the recommended number of drops into the ear, following your vet's instructions.

• Gently massage the base of the ear for a few seconds to help the medication spread through the ear canal.

• Wipe away any excess medication or discharge from the parts of the ear that you can easily see using cotton wool, a cotton pad or gauze. Do not push anything deep into the ear canal.

• Repeat the process with the other ear if your cat has been prescribed drops for both ears.

• Allow your cat some time to relax and reward them with their favourite treat, toy or some gentle fuss. Your cat may shake their head after the drops have been applied, which is normal.

Follow your vet's instructions about how many drops to use and how often to apply them. Complete the course as prescribed, even if your cat's ears appear to improve before treatment is finished, unless your vet tells you otherwise.

How much does it cost to treat ear problems in cats?

The cost of treating ear problems in cats can vary depending on:

• The cause and severity of the ear problem: Some cases may only need an ear cleaner or medication, while more complex cases may require further tests or treatment.

• The treatment needed: Prescription ear drops, ear cleaners and other treatments can vary in cost. Over-the-counter products may also vary in price, but they may not be suitable for every ear problem.

• Further investigations: Recurrent or complicated ear problems may require additional tests, such as an ear swab, culture, imaging or a procedure under sedation or anaesthesia.

It is important to speak to your vet before buying or using an ear-drop product. The right treatment depends on the cause of the ear problem, and some products may be unsuitable or unsafe for your cat.

Can ear drops be dangerous for your cat?

Ear drops are generally safe when the appropriate product is used correctly and prescribed for your cat.

Risks to be aware of:

• Avoid putting cotton buds or other objects into your cat's ear canal. They can injure the inside of the ear, push wax and debris further into the canal, or potentially damage the eardrum.

• Some ear medications may be harmful if the eardrum is damaged. Your vet will examine your cat's ears and decide which treatment is appropriate.

• Some cats may find ear drops stressful or uncomfortable. If your cat becomes very distressed or tries to scratch or bite, stop and speak to your vet about how best to administer the treatment.

Always use ear drops exactly as prescribed by your vet and do not use leftover medication or products intended for another pet.

What if your cat doesn't like having their ears touched?

Getting your cat used to having their ears handled can make ear treatment easier and less stressful. Try to make the experience positive using reward-based training and take things at your cat's own pace.

• Choose a quiet time and place.

• Start with gentle touches around the head and ears without trying to clean or treat them.

• Reward your cat with a favourite treat or gentle fuss while they remain calm.

• Once your cat is comfortable, introduce the ear drop bottle gradually.

• Practise in short sessions.

• If your cat becomes distressed, stop and give them time to settle before trying again.

If your cat cannot tolerate having their ears handled, speak to your vet. They can advise on the safest way to give the treatment and whether another approach is needed.

When should you worry about applying ear drops to your cat?

Contact your local vet if:

• The symptoms do not improve despite treatment

• Your cat is in pain

• Your cat's ears are swollen or bleeding

• Your cat is quieter than usual

• Your cat has vomiting or diarrhoea

Our Joii vets can answer any concerns about using ear drops in cats. Download the app and speak to one of our veterinary professionals.